Sperm Whale Lesions and Wounds

Wounds

Sperm whale with open wound on body
Sperm whale with visible wound at surface

Photo Credit: Nature picture library (naturepl.com)

Healed Scars

Underwater photo of sperm whale with healed scars

Photo Credit: Capt Wendall Ettienne

Photo grid showing various healed scars on sperm whales

Fig. 25 in Hanninger, E. M., Selling, J., Heyer, K., & BURKHARDTHOLM, P. (2023). Skin conditions, epizoa, ectoparasites and emaciation in cetaceans in the Strait of Gibraltar: An update for the period 2016-2020. Journal of Cetacean Research & Management, 24.

Parasites/Remora

Remora
Underwater photo of sperm whale with remora fish attached
Close-up of remora fish attached to sperm whale

Photo Credit: Nature picture library (naturepl.com)

Whale Lice/Cyamids

Reported on sperm whales in Hermosilla, C., Silva, L. M., Prieto, R., Kleinertz, S., Taubert, A., & Silva, M. A. (2015). Endo-and ectoparasites of large whales (Cetartiodactyla: Balaenopteridae, Physeteridae): Overcoming difficulties in obtaining appropriate samples by non-and minimally-invasive methods. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 4(3), 414-420.

Close-up of whale lice on cetacean skin

By NOAA Photo Library - https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaaphotolib/5019926801/, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14659567

Barnacles- Coronula sp.

Reported on sperm whales in Hermosilla, C., Silva, L. M., Prieto, R., Kleinertz, S., Taubert, A., & Silva, M. A. (2015). Endo-and ectoparasites of large whales (Cetartiodactyla: Balaenopteridae, Physeteridae): Overcoming difficulties in obtaining appropriate samples by non-and minimally-invasive methods. International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, 4(3), 414-420.

Barnacles attached to whale skin

By Aleria Jensen, NOAA/NMFS/AKFSC. - NOAA Photo Library: anim1032, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=17968016

Entanglements

Underwater photo of sperm whale entangled in fishing gear
Underwater photo of sperm whale with rope entanglement

Photo credit: Capt. Wendall Ettienne

Lesions

Raised Nodules/Lesions
Four panel image showing raised nodules and lesions on dolphin skin

Fig 3. Van Bressem, M., Minton, G., Sutaria, D., Kelkar, N., Peter, C., Zulkarnaen, M., Mansur, R.M., Porter, L., Vargas, L.F., & Rajamani, L. (2014). Cutaneous nodules in Irrawaddy dolphins: an emerging disease in vulnerable populations. Diseases of aquatic organisms,107 3, 181-9 .

Ulcerated
Two photos showing ulcerated skin lesions on stranded whale
Sperm whale showing patterned skin lesions with arrows indicating affected areas

Photo Credit: FAU HBOI Stranding Team

Patterned
Sperm whale showing patterned skin lesions with arrows indicating affected areas

Fig 4 Van Bressem, M. F., Van Waerebeek, K., & Duignan, P. J. (2022). Tattoo skin disease in Cetacea: a review, with new cases for the northeast pacific. Animals, 12(24), 3581.

Three panel image showing patterned lesions on sperm whales

Fig 8 in Hanninger, E. M., Selling, J., Heyer, K., & BURKHARDTHOLM, P. (2023). Skin conditions, epizoa, ectoparasites and emaciation in cetaceans in the Strait of Gibraltar: An update for the period 2016-2020. Journal of Cetacean Research & Management, 24.

Emaciation/Body Condition

  • Dip behind the head
  • Ribs visible
  • Concavity on either side of the dorsal fin
Emaciated sperm whale at surface showing poor body condition
Stranded emaciated sperm whale on beach showing visible ribs

Photo Credit: FAU HBOI Stranding Team and bbc.com/news/uk-wales-65601546

Normal Sperm Whale Features

  • Wrinkled Skin
  • White Pigment around the mouth
  • Occasional white pigmented areas on the ventral side or belly
  • Small pectoral flippers that tuck close to the body
  • Thick Tail Stock
  • Slightly protruding bony area around the eye
Stranded sperm whale showing normal features including wrinkled skin and white mouth pigment

Photo Credit: FAU HBOI Stranding Team

Underwater photo of healthy sperm whale showing normal features

Photo credit: Capt. Wendall Ettienne

Piebalding- normal areas with lack of pigment
Four panel image showing normal piebalding patterns on sperm whales

Fig. 1 in Hanninger, E. M., Selling, J., Heyer, K., & BURKHARDTHOLM, P. (2023). Skin conditions, epizoa, ectoparasites and emaciation in cetaceans in the Strait of Gibraltar: An update for the period 2016-2020. Journal of Cetacean Research & Management, 24.

Additional Information
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